Экспорт иранских продуктов питания в Саудовскую Аравию: возможности рынка и требования к ввозу

Введение — почему KSA важна для экспорта из Ирана

Южные порты Ирана близки к Даммаму и Jeddah, но успех не только в сроке. Импортёр принимает груз при совпадении Ghad, Fasah, SFDA.FD/GSO 9, санитарных документов, QC и упаковки с каналом.

12 разделов: каналы, группы (фисташка, шафран, сухофрукты), покупатель, Ghad, Fasah, этикетки, halal, QC, HS и 12-значная пошлина, упаковка, порты, цены; итог, чек-лист, RFQ, FAQ, Iranco.

1. Каналы продаж в KSA — кому продаёт экспортёр?

Iranian exporters rarely sell to consumers directly; they contract with SFDA-registered importers or B2B distributors who place products in the channels below.

• Retail: product registration and approved Arabic label before print
• HORECA: tourism, religious travel, hotels — repeat volumes
• Industry: puree, concentrate and nuts for Saudi processing lines

2. Группы товаров — где спрос для Ирана

Total Saudi food imports are large (USD 15.6B consumer imports in 2024); choose groups with demand and reliable Iranian supply — often pistachios, saffron, dried fruit and processed goods rather than bulk rice and wheat.

3. Выбор саудовского покупателя

The right buyer is not only the highest price. Verify food import activity, SFDA/Ghad registration, Fasah experience from Iran, warehousing in Dammam or Jeddah and alignment with your channel.

• Confirm the buyer is active in Ghad and covers your product category
• Request prior shipments from the same factory and Iranian origin
• Fix destination port (Dammam vs Jeddah) and Incoterms before proforma
• Clarify SFDA inspection, lab and demurrage costs in the contract

4. SFDA и регистрация Ghad — до отгрузки

Commercial food imports go through a Saudi importer registered with SFDA. Current clearance guidance requires registering the company and products in the Ghad system before import. Exporters cannot register instead of the importer but must know registration status and trade name on labels before mass production.

1. Importer registers company and product in Ghad (HS, formula, label image, barcode)
2. After SFDA approval, production with the final label is allowed
3. Major formula or label changes require registration updates
4. Local sale requires successful Fasah clearance

5. Таможня Fasah

Food clearance requests are submitted via the Fasah platform and integrated customs systems. The importer coordinates documents; the exporter must send a consistent document set early.

• Certificate of origin aligned with invoice
• Commercial invoice with batch and traceable specs
• Bill of lading
• Health certificate and phytosanitary where required
• COA or conformity certificate as agreed
• Halal certificate for applicable products

Mismatch between documents, carton marks and container content is the top Fasah delay — cross-check before final seal.

6. Арабская маркировка — SFDA.FD/GSO 9

Mandatory consumer pack information must be in Arabic; other languages are supplementary and must match Arabic. The core reference is SFDA.FD/GSO 9 with GCC nutrition and date-marking standards.

• Product name and ingredient list — accurate Arabic
• Allergens, net weight, manufacturer/packer
• Production and expiry dates, batch, storage
• Country of origin, barcode and nutrition panel if required
• Health claims only under SFDA.FD 2333

Share label artwork before print for Ghad and GSO 9 alignment — not after loading.

7. Halal — когда обязателен?

Not all foods need halal certification; meat, poultry and products with animal-derived ingredients (gelatin, animal fat, certain derivatives) require certificates from bodies accepted by the Saudi Halal Center. Framework: SFDA.FD/GSO 2055-1.

• An Iranian certificate alone without Saudi acceptance review is insufficient
• A halal logo on pack does not replace certifier validation
• Dairy and animal products may need SFDA facility approval

8. QC и контроль до погрузки

Three layers: factory QC, pre-shipment inspection, SFDA sampling at port or border. For pistachios, saffron and dried fruit, aflatoxin, moisture and uniformity are commonly contracted.

9. HS, 12-значная пошлина GCC (2025) и НДС 15%

From 2025 the unified GCC tariff is 12-digit — final duty depends on the exact subheading (many foods around 5% CIF, some zero or higher). Standard Saudi VAT is 15% and must be modelled separately from customs duty in landed cost.

10. Экспортная упаковка — жара и холод

Saudi heat and inland haul after the port make packaging critical. Pistachios and dried fruit need strong cartons and moisture control; fresh produce needs pre-cooling and reefers; retail packs need enough remaining shelf life on arrival.

• Standard palletisation for Dammam and Jeddah handling
• Legible batch and dates — match Fasah invoice
• Retail: barcode and Arabic on consumer-facing panels
• Ramadan season — higher nut demand; plan earlier

11. Dammam, Jeddah и выбор порта

In Q4 2024 King Abdulaziz Port Dammam handled about 28.4% and Jeddah Islamic Port about 21.2% of total merchandise imports (all goods). For food, align the port with the buyer’s warehouse city.

Iran has no direct land border with Saudi Arabia; overland transit is usually less competitive for containerised food unless the buyer defines a specific corridor.

12. Конкуренция, landed cost и B2B-цены

Competing with India (rice), Brazil (meat), Turkey and the US (pistachios) takes more than lowest FOB. Shipment-to-shipment consistency, Ghad/Fasah compliance, complete documents and fast RFQ response differentiate suppliers.

FOB alone is not enough — quotes should show landed cost structure (12-digit duty, 15% VAT, Fasah, QC).

Итог для экспортной команды

KSA — крупный рынок (~70% импорта). Кто определяет канал, работает с SFDA-импортёром по Ghad/Fasah, утверждает GSO 9 до печати и выбирает порт под склад, чаще получает повторные заказы.

Для фисташки, шафрана и сухофруктов стабильное качество и compliance часто важнее минимального FOB — Iranco маршрутизирует RFQ к производителям.

20 шагов перед погрузкой

1. Канал (retail / HORECA / промышленность)
2. Импортёр с SFDA и опытом из Ирана
3. Статус регистрации в Ghad
4. Спецификации и COA в договоре
5. Арабская GSO 9 до печати
6. 12-значный HS с импортёром
7. Требования halal
8. Сан/фито для fresh
9. COO и инвойс = груз
10. План QC и лаборатория
11. Инспекция до погрузки
12. Мин. срок годности в KSA
13. Порт (Dammam / Jeddah)
14. Incoterms и demurrage
15. Reefer и лог температуры
16. E-документы для Fasah
17. Быстрый выход из порта
18. Вторая партия — мощность
19. Отказ и расходы SFDA-тестов
20. RFQ через Iranco

Данные для RFQ

• Продукт и форма
• Класс качества
• Объём, вес, короб
• Бренд / private label
• Тесты и shelf life
• Город/порт KSA и Incoterm
• Разовая или регулярная поставка

Iranco быстрее подбирает поставщиков при полных данных (фисташка, шафран, паста, сухофрукты).

Частые вопросы

Поставки через Iranco

Iranco (iranco.com) связывает иранских экспортёров с саудовскими импортёрами по specs, QC, упаковке и Dammam/Jeddah.

• Фисташка, шафран, сухофрукты, паста
• COO/COA для Fasah
• Образцы и B2B